小佐見 光樹

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the barriers to writing case reports among Japanese physicians who participated in a web study series titled "Let's Write a Case Report! What you need to do to be Accepted" and explored differences in these barriers based on physicians' years of experience. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional in nature. Throughout August and November 2020, the respondents participated in the web study sessions. Using an 11-point scale, from -5 (not a barrier at all) to 0 (neither) to 5 (very much of a barrier), the 16 items interrogated which elements could be barriers to case report writing. Participants were divided into two groups: those with 10 or fewer years of postgraduation experience and those with 11 or more years of postgraduation experience. The basic attributes and possible barriers were compared between the groups using chi-squared and t-tests. RESULTS: In total, 53 (62.4%) participants responded to the web-based questionnaire. In a comparison between the two groups, the following barriers were significantly higher in the 10 years or fewer group: having sufficient medical documentation to write a report, knowing how to write a case report, determining the main case points and clinical message, knowing how to search the literature, knowing how to obtain literature, meeting the financial cost of accessing literature. Although there were no significant differences, only the lack of motivation to write papers was perceived as a barrier by the 11 years or more group. CONCLUSIONS: Determining the main case points and clinical message, selecting an appropriate journal for submission, and having adequate time to write a paper were the major barriers to writing a case report. Paper-writing motivation was crucial for those with longer clinical experience and experience in writing papers. These barriers were significantly more pronounced among those with fewer than 10 years of clinical experience than among those with 11 or more years of experience. Providing targeted support in developing case points and clinical messages will lead to an increase in the rate of case report writing.

Abstract We examined the effect of sex on the relationship between obesity and hypertension among Japanese people, who generally have a lower prevalence of obesity than Westerners. We analyzed the results of specific health checkups for Japanese aged 40–74 years (688,306 men and 891,191 women) obtained in 2011. The participants were divided into four age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and 70–74 years) and five body mass index (BMI) categories (≤ 24.9 [non-overweight/obesity], 25.0–26.9 and 27.0–29.9 [overweight], 30.0–34.9 and ≥ 35.0 kg/m² [obesity]). The odds ratio for hypertension in each BMI category was calculated using normal weight as the reference. The prevalence of hypertension was 26.8%–65.5% for men and 17.6%–53.6% for women in the overweight or obesity categories in the 40–49 age group, and 72.0%–88.7% for men and 70.1%–90.6% for women in the 70–74 age group. In women aged 40–49, the prevalence of hypertension in each BMI category was approximately 10% lower than that in men, but there was almost no difference between men and women in the 70–74 age group. On the other hand, the odds ratio for hypertension was higher in women than in men across all BMI categories and age groups. A stronger relationship between obesity and hypertension was observed in women than in men in all age groups. Japanese women have not been the target of studies for obesity, but more attention should be paid to Japanese women with obesity.