石川 鎮清

目的 : 当学には, 卒後9年間就業を継続するという前提がある. 今回, 当学女子医学生に求められている卒前教育プログラムを調査するため, ワークライフバランスに関するニーズ分析を行った.方法 : 全女子在校生187人に自記式調査を依頼した.結果 : 回答者104人のうち, 義務年限内に結婚・出産を希望した者はそれぞれ71％, 68.6％であった. 80.0％が「出産」に対して, 78.1％が「家庭との両立」に対して不安が高いと回答した. 回答者の8割以上が希望したプログラムは「卒業生女性医師の経験談」「卒業生女性医師との懇談会」「女性医師支援制度についての情報提供」「キャリアアップについての情報提供」であった.結論 : 当学女子医学生の不安は大きいが, 地域医療に貢献する卒業生女性医師との交流を生かしたプログラムを受けられるメリットがある. 当学の卒前教育において, ロールモデルの存在を明確にすることが求められていると考えられた.

Dietary salt intake has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there were few studies that assessed the relationship of salt preference with CVD. We examined the association between salt preference and the incidence of CVD and its subtypes in a Japanese general population. Based on the prospective Jichi Medical School Cohort Study, data were analyzed from 11,394 eligible participants. A baseline survey of the preference for salt was obtained by questionnaire and health examinations from April 1992 through July 1995 in 12 communities in Japan. The participants were followed up until December 2005 (mean follow-up period, 10.7 ± 2.4 years). Subjects were divided into three categories according to their preference for salt: favor, so-so, and disfavor. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) of the incidence of CVD according to the preference categories. We observed 485 cardiovascular events (258 in men and 227 in women). Among the men, the multivariable adjusted HRs for incidence of myocardial infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage for favor versus so-so salt preference were 0.34 (95% confidence interval, 0.17 - 0.71) and 7.10 (0.88 - 56.84), respectively. Among the women, age-adjusted HRs for the incidence of CVD, total stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction for the favor preference were 1.41 (1.02 - 1.95), 1.36 (0.97 - 1.91), 1.79 (0.87 - 3.71), and 1.40 (0.89 - 2.19), respectively. The data indicated that preference for salt may be associated with an increase in the incidence of CVD in women.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors by inducing chronic low-grade inflammation and by influencing endocrine and metabolic systems, as well as the immunological response evoked by the host. This study investigated the association between H. pylori infection and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in Japanese subjects.<br>Methods: The study subjects were 2,632 (1,061 men and 1,571 women) living in rural areas in Japan. We checked H. pylori serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), HDL-C and other cardiovascular risk factors in 1999.<br>Results: The overall prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity was 53.5% and increased with age. The prevalence was higher among men (58.3%) than women (50.3%). H. pylori seropositive women were more associated with decreased HDL-C than seronegative subjects (58.1±13.6 vs. 60.5±14.7, p<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis with H. pylori seropositivity, age, body mass index (BMI), fibrinogen, blood glucose, and smoking and alcohol habits demonstrated that H. pylori seropositivity was a significant predictor of decreased HDL-C in women. In addition, there was a linear decrease in HDL-C with increments in the value of H. pylori antibody titer as a continuous variable in women. This association remained in H. pylori seropositive women aged ≥50 years. Moreover, H. pylori seropositive women with BMI <22 were associated with decreased HDL-C, whereas the association was not significant in women with BMI ≥22.<br>Conclusions: We show that H. pylori seropositivity is associated with decreased HDL-C, especially in women with a lower BMI in rural areas of Japan.