高橋 宏典

常染色体優性多嚢胞性腎(Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease:ADPKD)の胎児診断例は非常に稀である。今回、胎児超音波検査において胎児超音波で腎臓の高輝度に加え、家族歴を聴取し、腎嚢胞の有病状況の家系図を作成したところ、ADPKDの可能性があることを胎児診断できた症例を報告した。(著者抄録)

Problem: We investigated the effect of oxygen concentrations on cellular senescence and autophagy and examined the role of autophagy in human trophoblast cells. Method of study: Human first-trimester trophoblast cells (Sw.71) were incubated under 21%, 5%, or 1% O2 concentrations for 24 hours. We examined the extent of senescence caused using senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) as markers. Moreover, we examined the role of autophagy in causing cellular senescence using an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3MA). Results: Physiological normoxia (5% O2) decreased SA-β-Gal-positive cells and SASP including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 compared with cultured cells in 21% O2. Pathophysiological hypoxia (1% O2) caused cytotoxicity, including extracellular release of ATP and lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased senescence phenotypes. 3MA-treated trophoblast cells significantly suppressed senescence markers (SA-β-Gal-positive cells and SASP secretion) in O2-independent manner. Conclusion: We conclude that O2 concentration modulates cellular senescence phenotypes regulating autophagy in the human trophoblast cells. Moreover, inhibiting autophagy suppresses cellular senescence, suggesting that autophagy contributes to oxygen stress-induced cellular senescence.