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Surgery today 54(8) 857-865 2024年8月PURPOSE: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) causes devastating symptoms and impairs the quality of life (QOL). This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of LARS and their association with the QOL in patients with lower rectal tumors. METHODS: Patients who underwent anus-preserving surgery for lower rectal tumors between 2014 and 2019 and who had anal defecation between 2020 and 2021 were surveyed. The LARS score measured severity, and the QOL was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Fecal Incontinence Quality-of-Life Scale (JFIQL). The primary endpoint was the incidence of Major LARS, and the secondary endpoints were risk factors and association with the JFIQL. RESULTS: Of 107 eligible patients, 82 (76.6%) completed the LARS survey. The incidence of Major LARS was 48%. Independent risk factors included neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and a short interval (< 24 months after surgery; odds ratio, 4.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-19, both). The LARS score was moderately correlated with the JFIQL generic score (correlation coefficient: - 0.54). The JFIQL scores were significantly worse in the Minor and Major LARS groups than in the No LARS group. CONCLUSIONS: Major LARS was found in 48% of lower rectal tumors, and independent risk factors include neoadjuvant CRT and a short interval. The QOL was significantly impaired in patients with both Minor and Major LARS.
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Molecular oncology 13(11) 2493-2510 2019年11月It is well established that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) acts as one of the most important transcription factors for tumor initiation and progression, as it both protects cells from apoptotic/necrotic signals and accelerates angiogenesis and tumor metastasis, which is mediated via the expression of target genes. However, it has not yet been clarified how oncogenic signals accelerate the activation of NF-κB. In the current study, we utilized untransformed NIH-3T3 cells stably harboring a κB-driven luciferase gene to show that an oncogenic mutant of Ras GTPase augmented TNFα-induced NF-κB activation. Notably, enforced expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, such as p27Kip1 and p21Cip1 , effectively canceled the accelerated activation of NF-κB, suggesting that oncogenic Ras-induced cell cycle progression is essential for the hyperactivation of NF-κB. Furthermore, we found that Ras (G12V) augmented the transcriptional activation of NF-κB, and this activation required the p38 MAP kinase. We observed that a downstream kinase of p38 MAP kinase, MSK1, was activated by Ras (G12V) and catalyzed the phosphorylation of p65/RelA at Ser-276, which is critical for its transcriptional activation. Significantly, phosphorylation of the p65/RelA subunit at Ser-276 was elevated in patient samples of colorectal cancer harboring oncogenic mutations of the K-Ras gene, and the expression levels of NF-κB target genes were drastically enhanced in several cancer tissues. These observations strongly suggest that oncogenic signal-induced acceleration of NF-κB activation is caused by activation of the p38 MAP kinase-MSK1 signaling axis and by cell cycle progression in cancer cells.
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Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 134 199-203 2019年5月PURPOSE: The study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding oxaliplatin to py (CRT) with S-1 in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma (LARC). We report here the final results of the study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with histopathologically confirmed LARC (cT3-T4, any N) were eligible. They received oral S-1 (80 mg/m2/day on days 1-5, 8-12, 22-26, and 29-33) and infusional oxaliplatin (60 mg/m2/day on days 1, 8, 22, 29) plus radiotherapy (1.8 Gy/day, total dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions), with a chemotherapy gap in the third week of radiotherapy. Primary endpoint of the study was pathological complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints were rates of R0 resection, down-staging, cumulative 3-year local recurrence, 3-year disease-free survival (DFS), and toxicity. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were enrolled at six centers in Japan. All patients received CRT, and 44 underwent operation. The pCR rate was 27.3% (12/44). The R0 resection rate was 95.5% (42/44). T-down-staging rate was 59.1% (26/44), and N-down staging rate was 65.9% (29/44); the combined pathological down-staging rate was 79.5% (35/44). There were no grade 4 adverse events, but 11.1% of the patients had grade 3 adverse events. Cumulative 3-year local recurrence rate was 0%. However, 13 (30.0%) patients suffered from distant metastasis, and one patient suffered from secondary esophageal cancer that was unrelated to rectal cancer. Eight patients had lung metastasis, 4 had liver metastasis, and 3 patients died of the metastatic disease. The 3-year DFS rate of the 44 patients was 67.5% (median follow-up 36.3 months), and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 93.0% (median follow-up 39.6 months). The patients were then divided into the pCR (12 patients) group and non pCR (32 patients) group. The 3-year rate of DFS for each group was 91.7% and 58.1% and that of OS was 100% and 90.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed a high pCR rate with no severe toxicity, good follow-up results, and good loco-regional control. Therefore, addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative CRT with S-1 in patients with LARC might be feasible and lead to better local control than standard treatment.
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日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 72(4) 165-170 2019年4月症例は43歳女性。S状結腸癌、転移性肝腫瘍、左卵巣腫瘍に対し腹腔鏡下S状結腸切除・肝部分切除・左付属器切除術が施行された。術後4ヵ月目に発症した絞扼性腸閉塞に対して緊急手術が施行された。原因はS状結腸の腸間膜欠損部と初回手術時に温存された上直腸動脈間が門となる内ヘルニアであった。小腸部分切除、腸間膜欠損部の縫合閉鎖を行った。腹腔鏡下大腸切除手術後、腸間膜欠損部が原因の内ヘルニアの発生率は少なく、腸間膜欠損部は閉鎖しないことが一般的である。本症例は、S状結腸が過長で、腸間膜と後腹膜の癒合が少ないという特徴があった。このような症例では術後の癒着による腸間膜欠損部の閉鎖がされず、内ヘルニアのリスクが高いと考えられ、閉鎖すべきと考えられた。(著者抄録)
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自治医科大学紀要 41 7-13 2019年3月右側結腸手術の周術期管理に、Enhanced Recovery After Surgeryプロトコル(ERAS)を導入したので短期成績を報告する。2014年6月から2017年10月に行われた右側結腸手術症例をERAS群、2010年1月から2014年5月の症例を従来群とし、後方視的に検討した。ERAS群では、機械的前処置の省略、術直後の胃管抜去、早期経口摂取開始を新たに採用した。ERAS群182例(腹腔鏡103例、開腹79例)、従来群202例(腹腔鏡84例、開腹118例)であった。腹腔鏡手術では、ERAS群と従来群で手術関連因子、術後合併症に差は認めなかった。開腹手術では、表層性の創部感染の発生率はERAS群で有意に高かった(ERAS群12.7%:従来群2.5%)が、Clavien-Dindo分類2以上の術後合併症はERAS群で有意に低かった(ERAS群3.8%:従来群18.6%)。右側結腸手術において当科のERASプロトコルは安全に導入可能である。(著者抄録)
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日本外科系連合学会誌 43(6) 1143-1148 2018年12月症例は48歳,女性.数日前からの血便を主訴に当院を受診した.腹部造影CTでは,腹腔内に腹水貯留やfree airは認められなかった.両側の卵巣には嚢胞成分を含む腫瘤性病変を認め,特に右卵巣は内部に高吸収域を有し直腸に近接していた.卵巣腫瘍による直腸浸潤もしくは直腸腫瘍による卵巣浸潤が疑われ,精査目的に同日緊急入院となった.下部消化管内視鏡を施行したところ,直腸Raに毛髪が付着した腫瘤が穿通している所見を認めた.卵巣奇形腫の直腸穿通が疑われたが腹膜炎所見を認めなかったため,待機的手術の方針とした.良悪性の鑑別が困難であったため,術中迅速病理所見により切除範囲を検討する方針とし,入院第9日目に手術を施行した.術中所見では両側の卵巣・直腸・子宮が一塊となっており両側附属器切除術・低位前方切除術・子宮全摘術を施行した.迅速病理では卵巣成熟嚢胞性奇形腫の診断であり,リンパ節郭清は行わず,手術終了とした.経過良好で術後10日目に退院となった.卵巣成熟嚢胞性奇形腫による消化管穿通例の報告は比較的稀である.良性症例だけでなく悪性症例も存在し,手術対応が異なるため,正確な術前術中診断が必要である.(著者抄録)
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GASTROENTEROLOGY 154(6) S497-S497 2018年5月0
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GASTROENTEROLOGY 154(6) S1351-S1351 2018年5月0
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日本内視鏡外科学会雑誌 23(3) 297-303 2018年5月<文献概要>当科におけるシニアレジデントに対する腹腔鏡下結腸切除術トレーニングプログラムの結果を報告する.2014年4月から2017年3月までに20名が参加した.初期1ヵ月にカメラ助手を経験後,1日間の動物実習,残り3ヵ月間に内視鏡外科技術認定医指導下に術者を経験した.63症例の手術がレジデントにより施行された.回盲部切除術(40例)とS状結腸切除術(23例)の手術時間(中央値)はそれぞれ190分と232分であった.51/63例(81%)で術者交代なく完遂されていた.術後,縫合不全やイレウスなどの重篤な合併症は認められなかった.シニアレジデントによる腹腔鏡下結腸切除術は本プログラム下に安全に施行されていた.
共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 2022年4月 - 2025年3月
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日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 2022年4月 - 2025年3月
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